Photographic camera



Jan. 30, 1940. 6. RI SZDORFER 2,138,320 I I PHOTOGRAPHIC CAMERA Filed April 14, 1937 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 lI/I/III/I/I/II/l/l IL '/lI////// O 56 5a 6 I 7/ m m fl /vve a" Jan. 30, 1940- o. RISZDORFER 2,138,320

PHOTOGRAPHIDC CAMERA Filed April 14, 1957 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Jan. 30, 1940 PATENT OFFICE rno'roonarmc carmaa Odiin Bisadorter, Budapest, Hungary Application April 14, 1937, Serial No. 136,954 In Germany July 11, 1935 4Claims.

Photographic cameras having exposure regulating means incorporated are known, in which the device for adjusting the lens diaphragm or the shutter is connected with a ieeler member 5 which is moved into contact with the rotating part of an electrical exposure meter, while the movable part is held fast before being touched, by means of clamping jaws.

According to the invention in such photographic cameras the clamping jaw for fixing the rotating part of the exposure meter is provided with a slot and the ieeler member is movably arranged in the slot.

In the accompanying drawings four constructional examples of the arrangement are illustrated diagrammatically.

Fig. 1 shows one constructional form in plan,

Fig. 2 is a section on the line IIII in Fig. 1, Fig. 3 is a further constructional form in plan,

Fig. 4 shows a detail of the same constructional form in elevation.

Fig. 5 is a side elevation of a third construction,

Fig. 6 shows a detail of a resilient connection on the meter shaft.

In Fig. 1, l is a photocell, the current from which is supplied to a coil 4 arranged in the field of a permanentmagnet 3 through a condoctor I. 5 is an ordinary lens shutter, the pin 6 of which is moved in a slot 1. The movement of the pin from; the position 8 shown in broken lines, up to the position also shown in broken lines, corresponds for example to an exposure of one second. It will be understood that the pin 6 is a part of a time control or retard mechanismwhich controls the duration of the shutter opening in a 'well known manner. An arm H secured on the coil axle Ill carries a stop I! which is moved along the slot 1. A pressure plate I! carried on a lever arm I is arranged so that it can be pressed against the stop I! and against the force of a spring I! by means of a release member II.

The device works as follows. If the photographic apparatus is pointed at an object to be photographed the coil 4 is deflected corresponding to the brightness of the object as it aflects the cell i and the stop I: is movedinto the position shown in Fig. 1, corresponding to an exposure of, torexample, 36, of a second. When the shutter is wound up the pin I is in the position I. If the release I5 is now depressed, the

driver It, as shown in Fig. 2, first pressesthe plate it against the stop I! and holds it Tast against the strip I I underlying the path oi the stop l2, after which the shutter is released.

Fig. 3 shows a constructional form of the invention as applied to a shutter of the type commonly referred to as a "Compur" type shutter. Such a shutter has a casing 54, a winding lever 55, and a pin 6 forming a part of the retard mechanism which controls the duration of the shutter opening in accordance with its position in its range of movement between the positions indicated at 8 and 8. In this case the pin 6 is biased toward the extreme position 9 corresponding to the maximum exposure interval by suitable means shown for convenience as comprising a weak leaf spring to anchored to the casing As was the case in Fig. 1, a light sensitive cell la is connected toa meter coil 4a having a pointer arm II and an associated magnet to. In a way similar to that shown in Pig. 2, the pointer arm ll carrying a stop 12 moves parallel to and between a strip l9 and a pressure plate It so arranged that the plate l3 may be made to press the stop I! against the strip I! to hold the stop I! in its position as governed by the cell la. Thus, as will be described below, with the stop I! held stationary, when the lever is actuated to wind the shutter the pin 6 will be moved by the biasing spring to into engagement with the stop I! thereby setting the shutter interval in accordance with the deflection of the meter pointer arm Ii.

The arrangement shown in Fig. 3 for arresting the meter stop l2, actuating the winding lever SI and releasing the shutter in sequence will now be described. A rotatable toothed wheel 56 provided with two sets of teeth 10 and II is arranged so that the teeth 10 and II respectively cooperate with two toothed rods 51 and 50. The rod I is horizontally disposed so that upon being moved toward the right it actuates the winding lever 85. In this particular embodiment the rod 51 is vertically disposed and when moved downward its teeth 89 act on teeth 10 to rotate the disk It in, a counter-clockwise direction and thereby move the rod it to the right to wind the shutter.

At the upper end of the rod 51 a press button 59 is provided, which, in the initial position, rests on the button 80 of an ordinary cable release. Thepart 6!, which is fixed with respect to the moving part 01 the release, is supported on the carrier 62, which itself is supported with respect to the stationary stop 84 by means of a spring 83 which is stronger than the return spring of the release. This release acts on the arresting device I! and I! in a similar manner to-the release II of Figs. 1 and 2. A further release 66 which releases the shutter is arranged on a stationary stop 81 in such a manner that its button 68 is not touched by the press button It in the initial position. I

The device acts as follows: When the button it is depressed, it acts upon the button O0 01' the first release, so that first of all the arresting device is operated to hold the stop I! stationary. At the same time, by means of the disk 56, the rod 58 is moved to the right and actuates the lever 55 after the closing of the arresting device. The teeth 69 on the rod 51 are formed in such a position that, when the shutter has been wound up, the teeth 69 no longer engage with the disk 56. The disk 56 carries two sets of teeth, as shown in Fig. 4, of which the set 10 engage with the teeth 69 on the rod 51, and the set 1| engage with the teeth on the rod 58. The distance of the press button 59 from the button 68 is so chosen that the release 66 of the shutter is actuated by the button 59 only after the winding of the shutter has already taken place as described. After the releaseof the shutter, when the button 59, the rod 51 and the release 60-65 are in the position shown in broken lines, the lever 55 guides the disk 56 back to the initial position by means of the rod 58. Now the disk 56 can rotate freely, since the teeth 1|) are out of engagement with the rod 51. The springs 63, 65 and 12 return the release to the initial position when the press button 59 is released.

The pin 6 having been moved by the spring 6a into contact with the stop l2 when the shutter was wound, will as is well understood in this type of shutter be engaged and moved back to the position 8 when the shutter is released, thereby retarding the closing action of the shutter in accordance with the position of the stop |2.

In the construction according to Fig. 5, the coil 2| carries an elliptical disk 22, which is rigidly connected with its axle 21 and has teeth at its edge. With these co-operate bolts 26 actuated through rods by the pin 23 of the shutter, which is guided in a straight line by the slots 24, which bolts are guided in two oppositely disposed slots 28 in a common straight line passing through the axle 21 of the coil. On an exten sion 29 the ellipse 22 carries a small block 3|) arranged beneath its plane, which moves underneath the pressure plate 3| of the arresting device described with reference to Figs. 1 and 2.

If when the shutter is wound the photocell, which is not illustrated, receives light from the object to be photographed. the coil 2| will receive a current proportional to the brightness of the object and, will be deflected, carrying the ellipse 22 with it (see position shown in broken lines). If then the release co-operating with the plate 3| according to Fig. 2 is operated, it will .hold the block 30 fast, together with the coil above the plate, after which the pin 23 will run down. The movement of the pin is restricted by the distance of the bolts 26 from the edge of the ellipse 22. It becomes smaller the more the coil 2| turns inwards, that is, the greater the current is.- Since the bolts move in diagonal of the ellipse, the axle 21 is relieved from bending stresses.

It will be understood that the pin 23 controls the retard mechanism of the shutter in accordance with its position in substantial-1y the same manner as pin 6 in the arrangement shown in Fig. 3.

In order to avoid any load on the axle of the I electrical instrument, the stop can also be resiliently connected with the axle. Fig. 6 shows such a construction with an elliptical disc according to Fig. 5. The disc 5| in this case is perforated and is secured to the axle 52 by means of two spiral springs 53. This allows of a relative movement between the disc 5| and the axle 52 in the case of shocks and the like and.

therefore avoids undue stresses on the axle.

The invention can be used for shutters of any kind, that is, for example, on blind shutters, in which the mechanism has movable parts which, during the running down of the shutter, move along tracks, the lengths of which determine the time of exposure. The limiting of this track by photo-electrically controlled stops is eifected in the manner described with reference to Figs. 1-3.

The electric current actuating the coil in the constructions as shown in Figs. 1-3, can also be influenced in accordance with one or more other members which determine the correct exposure, as for example, by the position of the diaphragm. This can also be effected by means of mechanical connections.

What I claim is:

1. A photographic camera having a shutter, a

photoelectric meter having a pointer displaceable in accordance with the activation of the meter, means movable to hold said pointer in its displaced position, shutter winding mechanism, a

member adapted to control the exposure interval of the shutter in accordance with its position and movable to a position determined by said pointer when the shutter is wound, a shutter release, and an operating member movable through a predetermined path for actuating in sequence said holding means, said shutter winding mechanism and said shutter release:

2. A camera as claimed in claim 1 wherein the operating member is coupled to the shutter winding mechanism through motion transmitting means including a driving connection which releases upon completion of the shutter winding movement.

3. A photographic camera including a shutter, means movable for winding the shutter, a part whose position determines the interval setting of the shutter, means biasing said part towards the position of maximum interval setting, a member movable in the positional range of said interval determining part for limiting the movement of said part under the action of said biasing means, a photoelectric device for moving said member to a position corresponding to scene brightness, means movable into a position for holding said movable member stationary, a shutter release, and means movable through a fixed path for actuating in sequence said holdirg means, said shutter winding means and the shutter release.

4. A photographic camera including a shutter of the type in which, when the shutter is wound, a part which controls the exposure interval of the shutter in accordance with its position moves toward the position corresponding to the maximum exposure interval, a member movable in the positional range of said interval controlling part, a photoelectric device for moving said member to a position corresponding to scene'brightness,

means movable into a position to hold said movable member stationary, whereby when the shutter is wound said member limits the movement of the exposure controlling part, means movable for winding the shutter, a shutter release, and an operating member movable through a fixed path for actuating in sequence, said holding means, said shutter winding means and the shutter release.

bDbN RISZDORFER. 

